The IXO Spatial Web platform uses a systems-thinking approach where each physical or conceptual component is represented as a Digital Entity with its own Domain. Clean cooking systems serve as a practical example throughout this guide.

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Twin Types

Physical Twins

Digital representations of physical devices and sensors (e.g., cooking stoves, IoT monitors, and tracked inventory)

Cognitive Twins

Digital models of organizational structures (e.g., projects, funders, distribution agents)

Twin Systems

Digital representation of the networks of relationships and interactions between real-world entities

Oracle Twins

AI-enabled agentic services performing evaluations, verification, and intelligent automations

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Entity Structure

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Domain Properties

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did
string
required

W3C Decentralized Identifier for unique entity identification

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controller
string
required

Entity with update permissions

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services
array

Associated services and endpoints

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verifiableCredential
array

Issued certificates and proofs

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Entity Relationships

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Using Protocols

Protocols are templates that define standard properties and relationships for specific entity types. They can be customized for any domain.

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Protocol Structure

{
  "type": "Protocol",
  "properties": {
    "metricOne": "string",
    "metricTwo": "number",
    "measurements": "object"
  },
  "relationships": {
    "verifier": "OracleEntity",
    "operator": "OrganizationEntity"
  }
}

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Instantiating Entities

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Next Steps

Entity Guide

Learn about entity management

Protocol Guide

Create custom protocols

Oracle Guide

Implement verification systems

Integration Guide

Connect physical devices

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